Health science is the applied science dealing with health, and it includes many sub disciplines. See also health science academic disciplines.
There are two approaches to health science: the study and research of the human body and health-related issues to understand how humans (and animals) function, and the application of that knowledge to improve health and to prevent and cure diseases.
Health research builds upon the basic sciences of biology, chemistry, and physics as well as a variety of multidisciplinary fields (for example medical sociology). Some of the other primarily research-oriented fields that make exceptionally significant contributions to health science are alternative health, biochemistry, epidemiology, and genetics,natural health. See also life sciences and life science academic disciplines.
Applied health sciences also endeavor to better understand health, but in addition they try to directly improve the health of individuals and of people in general. Some of these are: alternative health, biomedical engineering, biotechnology, nursing, nutrition, pharmacology, pharmacy, public health, psychology, physical therapy, and medicine. The provision of services to improve people's health is referred to as health care (see below). See also branches of medicine.
The health sciences industry, a multi-billion dollar business sector, is a cross-section of the life sciences and the health care and medical diagnostics industries.
Acquisition of health-related knowledge
Main articles: Life science and Biomedical research
Medical research is basic and applied research conducted to improve the evaluation of new treatments for both safety and efficacy in what are termed clinical trials, or to develop new treatments (referred to as preclinical research).
The increased longevity of humans over the past century is due in large part to medical research. Among the major advancements in medicine have been vaccines for measles and polio, insulin treatment for diabetes, classes of antibiotics for treating a host of maladies, medication for high blood pressure, improved treatments for AIDS, statins and other treatments for atherosclerosis, new surgical techniques such as microsurgery, and increasingly successful treatments for cancer. New, beneficial tests and treatments are expected as a result of the human genome project. Many challenges remain, however, including the appearance of antibiotic resistance and the obesity epidemic.
Application of health-related knowledge (health care)
Main article: Health care
Health care is the prevention, treatment, and management of illness and the preservation of mental and physical well being through the services offered by the medical, nursing, and allied health professions. According to the World Health Organization, health care embraces all the goods and services designed to promote health, including “preventive, curative and palliative interventions, whether directed to individuals or to populations”.[1] The organized provision of such services may constitute a health care system. This can include a specific governmental organization such as the National Health Service in the UK, or a cooperation across the National Health Service and Social Services as in Shared Care.
There is a large number of health professions. The terms medicine or biomedicine, and medical doctor or M.D. refer to the dominant conventional practices in the West. There is a wide range of traditional areas of health care. The most common areas are: medicine, nursing, midwifery, naturopathy and various forms of therapy to supplement the healing process and restore proper activity (e.g. dietetics, recreational, physical, occupational, speech, and respiratory).
Like health science in general, health care includes both the study and application of preventing and curing human diseases and disorders. Medical doctors include physicians and surgeons.
There are many different branches of medicine; the other health care professions also have specialties or focus on specific populations or settings of care. Public health studies the effect of environmental factors such as available health care resources on the health of the general population, often focusing on particular populations, such as mothers and children. Dietitians educate people about proper nutrition, particularly specific dietary needs of populations such as people with diabetes, breastfeeding women, and people with celiac disease. Other less common medical areas include first aid and triage.
Dental health has grown in importance in recent decades making dentistry a major field of health sciences. Counselling, hospice care, home care, nutrition, medical social work, alternative medicine, pharmacology, and toxicology are all considered part of health science.
Veterinary medicine is the health science dedicated exclusively to the care of animals. Veterinary medicine is involved in preventing and curing animal diseases and disorders, inspecting animal-originated food (such as milk and meat) and animal husbandry.
Health practices
Conventional Western practices
Athletic training
Dentistry
Dietetics
Epidemiology
Evidence-based medicine
Genetic counseling
Medical physics
Medicine
Medical technology
Nursing
Nutrition
Occupational therapy
Optometry
Osteopathic medicine (Note: Osteopathy, as practiced in most countries other than the USA, is listed under complementary and alternative practices below)
Pharmacology
Physical therapy (physiotherapy)
Prosthetics and Orthotics
Psychology, including Animal, Behavioural, Clinical, Health, Medical, Neuropsychology and others
Psychoanalysis
Psychotherapy, including Cognitive therapy
Public health
Physical education
Speech-Language Pathology
Surgery, including anaesthesiology
Veterinary medicine
Historical western
Further information: Ancient Greek medicine, Medicine in ancient Rome, Byzantine medicine, and Medieval medicine
Blood letting
Heroic medicine
Magnet therapy
Patent medicine
Phrenology
Trepanation
Traditional or folk medicine
Main article: Folk medicine
Shamanism
Ayurveda
Medical herbalism
Traditional Chinese medicine, including acupuncture
Traditional Korean medicine
Complementary and alternative medicine
Main articles: Complementary and alternative medicine and Alternative medicine
Alexander Technique
Chiropractic (in some countries: included within Conventional Western practices)
Dorn method
Herbalism
Holistic health
Homeopathy
Hypnosis
Massage therapy
Natural medicine
Naturopathic medicine
Orthomolecular medicine
Osteopathy (Note: Osteopathic medicine as practiced in the USA is listed under traditional western practices above)
New Age or spiritualist
Christian Science
Faith healing
Johrei
Maharishi Vedic Medicine
Reiki
Contemporary themes
Because health science deal with human life, issues of medical ethics, an important area of ethics, arise frequently. Medical ethics includes questions on topics such as a patient's right to privacy and his/her right to be involved in treatment and decision-making. Euthanasia, abortion, human cloning, stem cell research and genetic engineering are especially controversial issues directly related to health science.
History of health science
Main articles: History of biology and History of medicine
The foundations for the Health Sciences fields are as old as the human race. Humans have always been in need of solutions to address illness, injury, and various health related issues such as childbirth. With modern technology and the backing of the pure sciences, the scientific accuracy of these fields has greatly improved. Nevertheless, many cultures have used and continue to use various herbs and other culturally specific solutions to help solve health problems that may or may not be backed by any scientific support.
Thursday, November 13, 2008
Monday, August 18, 2008
5 Critical Symptoms
5 Critical Symptoms Patients Ignore
1. Pains in the Chest
‘’ It will go away” can be the most dangerous words in a patients vocabulary. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) says that HEART DISEASE WAS REPONSIBLE FOR NEARLY 4 MILLION DEATH IN THE Western Pacific region in 1999. Mostly people often don’t realize that they are having heart attack. Heart attack can occur any time. The symptoms are often described as uncomfortable pressure, fullness, squeezing or pain in the chest, which sometimes radiates to the jaw, neck, and back 0r arms
2. Sexual Dysfunction
Doctors observe that patients are often reluctant to discuss their sexual difficulties – even though they are common side effects of such widely prescribed drugs as antidepressants and blood pressure medication. There are some illnesses that may affect sexual function like diabetes, hypertension, and thyroid problem, mental or psychological disorders. I fact, recent studies show that one of the best early predictors of heart attack disease may be erectile dysfunction.
3. Changes in Sleep Habits
Many of us think of insomnia or sleeping too much a part of a busy and Stressful lifestyle.. But a research done by psychiatric found that a change in sleep habits maybe a sign of an underlying psychiatric issue. Depression can be a self-cloaking disease, leading to passivity and yet it has serious consequences – family and career disruptions, alcohol and substance abuse, heart disease and even suicide. Sleeping disruption may be signal of breathing disorder, kidney disease or diabetes.
4. Drug Reactions
Headaches, nausea, dizziness, rashes are symptoms can be indicators of a variety of diseases. But sometimes it is the effect from medication. If you have recently started a new medicine and experiencing symptoms, seek your doctor and describe the matter.
5. Unusual Bowel Habits
Some people have a bowl movement once a day, some more, some less, which may all be perfectly normal. However, any sudden change in bowel habits, especially for people age over 50, may signal a problem. According to Dr. Luis Esteva Abola, Associate Professor at the University of the East Ramo Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center in Manila, a patient who suddenly complains of either an increase or decrease in bowel movement would have to be evaluated thoroughly. It could be a sign of colon cancer, as is in the stool”
So, lets notice that five signs that might we have in order to prevented it before it too late or being critical to be cured.
1. Pains in the Chest
‘’ It will go away” can be the most dangerous words in a patients vocabulary. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) says that HEART DISEASE WAS REPONSIBLE FOR NEARLY 4 MILLION DEATH IN THE Western Pacific region in 1999. Mostly people often don’t realize that they are having heart attack. Heart attack can occur any time. The symptoms are often described as uncomfortable pressure, fullness, squeezing or pain in the chest, which sometimes radiates to the jaw, neck, and back 0r arms
2. Sexual Dysfunction
Doctors observe that patients are often reluctant to discuss their sexual difficulties – even though they are common side effects of such widely prescribed drugs as antidepressants and blood pressure medication. There are some illnesses that may affect sexual function like diabetes, hypertension, and thyroid problem, mental or psychological disorders. I fact, recent studies show that one of the best early predictors of heart attack disease may be erectile dysfunction.
3. Changes in Sleep Habits
Many of us think of insomnia or sleeping too much a part of a busy and Stressful lifestyle.. But a research done by psychiatric found that a change in sleep habits maybe a sign of an underlying psychiatric issue. Depression can be a self-cloaking disease, leading to passivity and yet it has serious consequences – family and career disruptions, alcohol and substance abuse, heart disease and even suicide. Sleeping disruption may be signal of breathing disorder, kidney disease or diabetes.
4. Drug Reactions
Headaches, nausea, dizziness, rashes are symptoms can be indicators of a variety of diseases. But sometimes it is the effect from medication. If you have recently started a new medicine and experiencing symptoms, seek your doctor and describe the matter.
5. Unusual Bowel Habits
Some people have a bowl movement once a day, some more, some less, which may all be perfectly normal. However, any sudden change in bowel habits, especially for people age over 50, may signal a problem. According to Dr. Luis Esteva Abola, Associate Professor at the University of the East Ramo Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center in Manila, a patient who suddenly complains of either an increase or decrease in bowel movement would have to be evaluated thoroughly. It could be a sign of colon cancer, as is in the stool”
So, lets notice that five signs that might we have in order to prevented it before it too late or being critical to be cured.
Fear No More
How to Beat Your Phobias
For millions of phobia sufferers, science is offering better treatments – and new hope begins….
There are many types of phobias, like acrophobia (fear of height), claustrophobia (fear of enclosed spaces) and agoraphobia(a paralyzing terror of anything out-side the safety of the home) can be deadly serious.
Most psychologists assign phobias to one of three broad categories;
1. Social phobias
The sufferer feels paralyzing fear of human encounters. The treatment may involve no more than a dozen sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy. In this therapy, patients slowly expose themselves to the circumstances that frighten them and reframe their catastrophic thinking. Often group therapy is used – the very act of gathering with other fellow sufferers can serve as a first, critical step. If this therapy doesn’t work, it may do so in combination with drugs.
2. Agoraphobias
The sufferers with panic disorders, in which the person is periodically blindsided by overwhelming fear for no apparent reason. Treatment for this kind of phobias is much the same as for social phobias; cognitive-behavioral therapy and drugs. The best therapy to beat agoraphobias is by individual therapy.
3. Specific phobias
Sufferer fear of snakes, enclosed spaces, height and the hikes. This type of phobia are the easiest to treat, partly because easy to understand. So, the best therapy to beat this kind of phobias is to get used of ‘what they fear of’ of positive mind thinking.
For millions of phobia sufferers, science is offering better treatments – and new hope begins….
There are many types of phobias, like acrophobia (fear of height), claustrophobia (fear of enclosed spaces) and agoraphobia(a paralyzing terror of anything out-side the safety of the home) can be deadly serious.
Most psychologists assign phobias to one of three broad categories;
1. Social phobias
The sufferer feels paralyzing fear of human encounters. The treatment may involve no more than a dozen sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy. In this therapy, patients slowly expose themselves to the circumstances that frighten them and reframe their catastrophic thinking. Often group therapy is used – the very act of gathering with other fellow sufferers can serve as a first, critical step. If this therapy doesn’t work, it may do so in combination with drugs.
2. Agoraphobias
The sufferers with panic disorders, in which the person is periodically blindsided by overwhelming fear for no apparent reason. Treatment for this kind of phobias is much the same as for social phobias; cognitive-behavioral therapy and drugs. The best therapy to beat agoraphobias is by individual therapy.
3. Specific phobias
Sufferer fear of snakes, enclosed spaces, height and the hikes. This type of phobia are the easiest to treat, partly because easy to understand. So, the best therapy to beat this kind of phobias is to get used of ‘what they fear of’ of positive mind thinking.
Foods That Helps Improving Health
5 Foods MEN & WOMEN Need Most ???
Foods for MEN
1. Tomato
Researchers at Harvard University, who studied the eating habits of more than 45000 male health professionals reveals that men who eat a lot of tomatoes, tomato sauce, or those who like to eat pizzas smothered with the stuff may b giving themselves a hedge against prostate cancer. They found that men who ate tomato sauce two to four times pr week had a 35 % lower risk of developing prostate cancer than men who ate none. A carotenoid called lycopene, which contains in tomato, appeared to be responsible. For best absorption of carotenoid, tomato should be cooked with some kind of fat. So pizza may b just what the doctor ordered.
2. Oysters
Myth has it that oysters are food of love ?? Science may agree with that. Just 2 to 3 oysters deliver a full day’s supplement of zinc, a mineral need for normal functioning of the male reproductive. Nutritional deficiencies do seem to be the cause of low testosterone. Getting adequate zinc can increases the testosterone levels and in course rising sperms (fertilization)
3. Broccoli and Cabbage
A recent Harvard studies finds that cruciferous vegetables, like broccoli and cabbage may protect against bladder cancer, which is common among Asian men. Research reveals that those who ate 5 servings or more per week of cruciferous veggies were half likely to have bladder cancer over a 10 year period as men who rarely ate them.
4. Peanut butter
If you want healthy heart, spread your morning toast with peanut butter. HEART disease is among leading killer of both men and women, but men fall victim at earlier age. Peanut caused a drop a blood fats called triglycerides. Researchers have predicted that the peanut diet could reduce heart disease.
5. Watermelon
Reach at the age of 55; more men suffer from high blood pressure than do women. Researchers suggest that food rich in potassium can reduce the risk of high blood pressure. US Food and Drug Administration urged the foods labels to bear a healthy claim about the connection between potassium – rich foods and blood pressure. A big slice of watermelon has 664 milligrams of potassium, more than in the amount of orange juice and banana. So, cut yourself more slices of watermelon everyday!
Foods For WOMEN
1. Papaya
This fruits contains twice of vitamin C of an orange. Vitamin C or its scientifically name Ascorbic Acid helps to your arsenal against gallbladder disease, which afflicts twice as many women as men. Scientist from the University of California found that women ho had lower levels of vitamin C were more likely to have gallbladder illnesses.
2. Flaxseed
Bakers use this nutty-flavored seed mainly to add some flavor and fibre. Scientist found that the tiny reddish–brown seed rich in estrogen-like compounds called lignans, as a weapon to combating breast cancer. So, have flaxseed on your morning cereal by easily grind in a blender or coffee grinder.
3. Tofu
Foods high in Soya protein can lower cholesterol and minimize menopausal hot flushes and strengthen bones. Iso-flavones, plant chemicals similar to estrogen as result of studies by scientist reveals that 90 milligrams of isoflavones was beneficial to bone ( especially to spine ). So, have some tofu in your daily dietary.
4. Cabbage
This round vegetable helps to combat osteoporosis, which affects women late ages. In addition to getting adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D, some studies suggest that vitamin K may have a bone-protective effect as well. Researcher’s points out that dark-green leafy veggies like Brussels sprouts, spinach, broccoli; have all good sources of vitamin. But cabbage is the best.
5. Liver
Due largely to menstruation, women tend to be more anaemic than men, means of having lower Iron levels in blood that can cause severe fatigue. So lets have a liver especially cows’ liver, which rich in iron sources. It helps to increase iron levels in blood.
So, lets have this kind of recommended foods for our goos health.....
Foods for MEN
1. Tomato
Researchers at Harvard University, who studied the eating habits of more than 45000 male health professionals reveals that men who eat a lot of tomatoes, tomato sauce, or those who like to eat pizzas smothered with the stuff may b giving themselves a hedge against prostate cancer. They found that men who ate tomato sauce two to four times pr week had a 35 % lower risk of developing prostate cancer than men who ate none. A carotenoid called lycopene, which contains in tomato, appeared to be responsible. For best absorption of carotenoid, tomato should be cooked with some kind of fat. So pizza may b just what the doctor ordered.
2. Oysters
Myth has it that oysters are food of love ?? Science may agree with that. Just 2 to 3 oysters deliver a full day’s supplement of zinc, a mineral need for normal functioning of the male reproductive. Nutritional deficiencies do seem to be the cause of low testosterone. Getting adequate zinc can increases the testosterone levels and in course rising sperms (fertilization)
3. Broccoli and Cabbage
A recent Harvard studies finds that cruciferous vegetables, like broccoli and cabbage may protect against bladder cancer, which is common among Asian men. Research reveals that those who ate 5 servings or more per week of cruciferous veggies were half likely to have bladder cancer over a 10 year period as men who rarely ate them.
4. Peanut butter
If you want healthy heart, spread your morning toast with peanut butter. HEART disease is among leading killer of both men and women, but men fall victim at earlier age. Peanut caused a drop a blood fats called triglycerides. Researchers have predicted that the peanut diet could reduce heart disease.
5. Watermelon
Reach at the age of 55; more men suffer from high blood pressure than do women. Researchers suggest that food rich in potassium can reduce the risk of high blood pressure. US Food and Drug Administration urged the foods labels to bear a healthy claim about the connection between potassium – rich foods and blood pressure. A big slice of watermelon has 664 milligrams of potassium, more than in the amount of orange juice and banana. So, cut yourself more slices of watermelon everyday!
Foods For WOMEN
1. Papaya
This fruits contains twice of vitamin C of an orange. Vitamin C or its scientifically name Ascorbic Acid helps to your arsenal against gallbladder disease, which afflicts twice as many women as men. Scientist from the University of California found that women ho had lower levels of vitamin C were more likely to have gallbladder illnesses.
2. Flaxseed
Bakers use this nutty-flavored seed mainly to add some flavor and fibre. Scientist found that the tiny reddish–brown seed rich in estrogen-like compounds called lignans, as a weapon to combating breast cancer. So, have flaxseed on your morning cereal by easily grind in a blender or coffee grinder.
3. Tofu
Foods high in Soya protein can lower cholesterol and minimize menopausal hot flushes and strengthen bones. Iso-flavones, plant chemicals similar to estrogen as result of studies by scientist reveals that 90 milligrams of isoflavones was beneficial to bone ( especially to spine ). So, have some tofu in your daily dietary.
4. Cabbage
This round vegetable helps to combat osteoporosis, which affects women late ages. In addition to getting adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D, some studies suggest that vitamin K may have a bone-protective effect as well. Researcher’s points out that dark-green leafy veggies like Brussels sprouts, spinach, broccoli; have all good sources of vitamin. But cabbage is the best.
5. Liver
Due largely to menstruation, women tend to be more anaemic than men, means of having lower Iron levels in blood that can cause severe fatigue. So lets have a liver especially cows’ liver, which rich in iron sources. It helps to increase iron levels in blood.
So, lets have this kind of recommended foods for our goos health.....
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